This research focuses on planning and effective organizational management. Using Nigerian Breweries Plc, Aba for the case study.  Information was sought from head and other different department of the company (NBP), which are considered knowledgeable enough to provide information on this study. The population of their study were made up of hundreds of the workers. A questionnaire consisting of 10 items made up of both structures and unstructured item were administered to the company aid, three research hypotheses were formulated and tested. A chip-square technique was employed since variation of opinion and associations were involved. At the, end the following were made, planning is very vital in achieving organizational objective. There is a significant difference between products of well planned organization despites their planning programmes. The key of planning .The success of any organization depends on extent to which they plan. Significant relationship between planning and long time survival of the organization and the ability to overcome environment changes. Based on the above findings, the following recommendation were made, management is therefore advised to effectively have the planning exercise, which is absolutely necessary in organization since it helps to a great extent at increasing the quality of goods produced by the organization, which also enhances the general performance of organizational objectives. Management of business organization should always plan their activities to enable them tap numerous benefits accrued from planning ahead of time. Plans should always be update for its maximum contribution of organization goals.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Planning is the conscious, systematic process of making decision about goals and objective that an individual, group, work unit or organization will pursue in the future. Planning is not our in formal or haphazard response to a crisis, it is la purposeful effort, directed and controlled by managers often drawing on the: knowledge and experience of employees throughout the organization. Planning provides individuals and work units with a clear map to follow in their future activities at the same time, this map allow for individual circumstances and changing conditions. The destiny of a business enterprise or industry or community or nation is directed by thinking and the planning that is done by the men who govern this affairs. Good management starts with viewpoints. Investigation and planning, (Dick 1982). This means that an organization without plan is like a farmer without tool. The success or failure of any organization can be determined by the extent to which it engage in effective planning. Planning is said to be the fundamental and primary management function. The existence of any organization greatly depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of management to tackle the controllable and uncontrollable variables present in the organization and for management to identify these variables, one thing is to find a means of tackling them. Planning has become increasing the important, as organization and their environment have become more complex.

Earlier than now, the environments of organization were stable and enterprises could plan their operators with certain techniques like procedure manuals, financial, control, capital budgeting etc. these tools and techniques are no more sufficient to today”s turbulent environment.

The success of today”s organization depends more on its ability to plan its future and cope with environmental changes and with its ability to manage operations. Planning involves making deliberate preparation in the present based on empirical and analysed data of the past and present state of affairs to ensure that resources are made available. The goals of the enterprise are pursued and realized through clearly mapped out actions. Effective planning is done to avoid waste of resources, it is blue print of actions that required the conscious determination. Effective planning bridges the gap from where we are to where we want to be. Planning involve selecting missions and objectives and deciding on the action achieve them, it require decision making that is, choosing a course of action from among alternatives. Plans provide a rational approach to achieving presented objectives. A basic management function is to direct the utilization of available scarce resources to accomplish specific objective. These are done by providing the framework for the managerial functions organizing, staffing, directing, controlling and coordinating depends, to a large extend on planning. Therefore, this work is aimed at determining the role of planning that can lead to effective management of an organization. 

1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Business planning is very important. Most organizational failures occur during the first year of operation. This is due to improper or inadequate planning. There is a saying that "if you don”t know where you are going to no road will get you there" one of the managerial problems in Nigeria is lack of effective planning. Again one 6fi the causes of business failures is that the entrepreneur don”t have a good management style to start the business. To achieve organization objective and have a successful profitable venture, the organization should have knowledge of certain management techniques.

However, inability to plan well has caused the downfall of many organization in Nigerian Breweries ABA. The success of any business depends on the degree and quality of planning which has been undertaker. This project examines essential nature of planning and effective organizational management. The basic type of planning problem that brought unnecessary breakdown in organization operations and merging some of these problem include, inability to select alternative course of action are ¬¬¬¬very much information and data are needed for proper and adequate planning.

When there is lack of the needed data its affects the planning process which will in turn lead to productivity and output. So when this happens, planning becomes problematic

1.3. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main objectives of this study is to determine the extent to which planning could lead to effective management of an organization. Other specific objective are;

1.         To show how policy guides management thinning towards a specific direction.

2.         To proffer solution to the problem identified.

3.         To evaluate the impact of strategic planning in a dynamic environment.

4.         To analyze the problems encounter in the work place and proper measures to adopt in order to boost workers morale.

5.         To identify the company”s strength and weakness opportunities and threats

1.4       RESEARCH QUESTION

The following research questions will be answered in an attempt to proffer solutions to the problems stated above.

1.         Does policy guide management towards a certain direction

2.         Is there any procedure for analyzing problems stated

3.         Does inadequate information affect planning in the organizations

4.         What is the impact of strategic planning in dynamic environment

1.5 RESEACH HYPOTHESIS

HO: there is no significant relationship between adequate information and effective planning.

H1: there is significant relationship between adequate information and effective planning.

HO2: there is significant relationship between adequate manpower requirement and effective planning.

Hi2: There is significant relationship between adequate manpower requirement and effective planning.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Considering the many problems caused by inadequate planning and unrealization of planned objectives and the tremendous desire for our business organization in particular and the entire economy to grow rapidly, which will enhance societal welfare.

The finding of this study will serve as an eye opener for business organizations, by providing them with the ideal approaches to planning. This research will highlight numerous benefits of formal planning to the individual firms, government, and most of all the benefits accruable to the society at large.

Mores, this research will equally help policy maker, entrepreneurs and managers to appreciate the advantages of planning and make good use of it.

Finally it will serve as a resource material for further research.      

1.7       LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The problem encountered in connection with this research work boards on the respondents, ignorance bureaucratic red tape, finance and time.

Ignorance: ignorance manifested itself in this study that even graduates who occupy responsible position where among the respondents that needed a lot persuasion before they could agree to answer questionnaire. While some respondents were very cooperative by really accepting and filling the questionnaires.

Secrecy of respondents: the high rate of secrecy maintain by the operation, of the organization contributed to be limitation to the study.

Bureaucratic red tape: The researcher was made to sacrifice time out of the office for the necessary provision,  it was not and was not a task for the work but with the help of some staffs of the company the researcher was able obtain the necessary information.        

Finance: financial constraints were another problem faced by the researcher in the study. As a result of the poor state of the economy, cost of almost everything have increased drastically.

This made the researcher to encounter heavy financial difficulties as a result insufficient fund to meet the cost of stationeries and printing of the study involved.

Time: the time frame within which this work was allowed was quite limited for an intensive as well as extensive work to be accomplished from a constraint on the work.

1.5       DELIMITATION / SCOPE OF THE STUDY

In other to get accurate and intensive research work on effective planning the researcher cover areas like Aba, in Abia State for a successful research work.

1.6       DEFINITION OF TERMS

To enhance easy understanding of the researcher have been defined.

Planning: It is a process that begins with objective defines strategies, policies and elect allied planes to achievement, which establishes an organization to implement decisions and include a rise of performance and feedback to introduce a new planning circle.

Organization: is a combination of people or individual efforts, working together In pursuit of certain common purpose called organizational goals, it could also be any group of two or more people working together in predetermined fashion to attain a certain goals.

Objective: it is an end result of every activity and they are resects business experts to achieve.

Goal: it is what organization want to achieve within a shorter time limit.

Management: a process by which manager create, maintain and operate purposive organization through coordinate human effort. 

Manager: it defined as one planning, organizing, directing, and controlling human and non-human resources effectively and efficiently to achieve organizational objectives.

Tool: method or channel through which our result are made possible.

Environment: physical location of a business company opportunities and threats as well as a controlled rabble.